GHB Addiction Treatment in the UK: Understanding Your Options
GHB addiction is a growing concern in the UK, with rising rates of individuals requiring medical attention due to GHB intoxication and its associated mental health effects. Recent statistics reveal a troubling trend, as GHB and other substances, now reclassified as a Class B drug, pose acute and chronic harms.
With approximately 1.2 million people having used GHB in their lifetime and an increase in pharmacological treatment presentations, it’s clear that GHB abuse is prevalent. At Help for Addiction, we offer a safe space for families and patients seeking support and guidance on GHB addiction treatment options. To know more about substance abuse and the treatment for GHB, read on.
What is GHB?
GHB (Gamma-hydroxybutyrate), also known as Liquid Ecstasy or Liquid GHB, is a central nervous system depressant that is often misused in social settings like music festivals and parties, leading to its classification as a “club drug” or “date rape drug.” GHB acts on the GABA receptors. It helps calm overactive cells by blocking signals in the nervous system. Normally, GHB levels in the human body are low. But, risks arise when people take it as a drug.
Although naturally produced in small amounts by the brain, GHB can also be found in higher concentrations in illicit forms, which are available in liquid, tablet, powder, and capsule formats. This substance is tasteless, odourless, and colourless, making it particularly dangerous, especially in instances of date rape.
While some GHB users may consume it occasionally without harm, drug abuse can develop GHB addiction. Like other psychoactive drugs, too much GHB use can lead to serious health risks. Physical dependence on GHB can result in post-acute withdrawal syndrome, often requiring immediate medical attention. GHB withdrawal syndrome involves rapid onset, posing harm to physical and mental health.
Why It’s Addictive?
The effects of GHB (Gamma hydroxybutyric acid) are rapid and intense. This is often felt within 15 to 30 minutes, which can lead individuals to seek those feelings repeatedly. As they use GHB more frequently, they build tolerance—needing higher doses to achieve the same high. This cycle can quickly lead to physical dependence, where withdrawal symptoms, such as anxiety and insomnia, emerge when trying to stop.
GHB is often used alongside other psychoactive substances, like alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine. This creates a potent mix that can increase the risk of addiction and severe health complications. For many, GHB becomes a coping mechanism for stress or emotional pain. This can lead to compulsive use despite recognising its negative impacts on health and well-being.
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Indicators of GHB Drug Addiction
If you or a loved one shows any of these signs, you need professional guidance and seek medical attention immediately:
| Type | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Behavioural | Clumsiness Slurred speech Increased sex drive Lowering of inhibitions |
| Physical | Low body temperature Slowed heart rate Nausea, vomiting, & diarrhoea Loss of muscle control Excessive sweating |
| Cognitive | Confusion and disorientation Memory problems, including blackouts and amnesia Increased sensitivity to light and sound |
| Psychosocial | Profound relaxation Decreased anxiety Feelings of euphoria |
GHB Addiction Treatment Options
Recognising the need for help is a vital step toward recovery. If you’re dealing with GHB addiction, finding treatment can help reclaim control of your life.
GHB Detox
GHB withdrawal may resemble alcohol withdrawal in its intensity. Symptoms can emerge within six to 24 hours after the last dose. The severity also often correlates with the amount used. Common GHB withdrawal symptoms include:
- Tremors
- Sweating
- Nausea and vomiting
- Poor appetite and diarrhoea
- Headaches
- Anxiety and restlessness
For some individuals, especially those who have a history of withdrawal severity, symptoms may escalate to include elevated heart rate, seizures, confusion, or even delirium.
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate Withdrawal Management
Withdrawal from GHB is usually managed using benzodiazepines, although severe cases may necessitate higher doses. Treatment can often occur in community settings for planned mild GHB withdrawal. Unplanned and more intense GHB detox requires inpatient management.
If an individual unexpectedly enters withdrawal while hospitalised for another issue—whether surgical, medical, obstetric, or psychiatric—they will need appropriate withdrawal management during their stay. In some instances, individuals may show resistance to standard benzodiazepine therapy. This may potentially require high-dependency care and the use of alternatives like phenobarbital.
The goals of withdrawal management include:
- Preventing severe withdrawal symptoms
- Minimising the risk of harm to the individual or others due to altered mental states
- Reducing the chances of dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutritional deficiencies
- Preventing seizures
- Identifying and treating any concurrent medical conditions that may complicate the withdrawal process or mask its symptoms
Medical Support & Medication
A medical assessment can be effective in treating GHB abuse. Individuals may receive prescriptions to alleviate physical and emotional GHB withdrawal symptoms during medication-assisted GHB detox.
Common medications include:
- Benzodiazepines help reduce acute anxiety, which is often essential during detox. Though they can be addictive, they’re effective when used with medical supervision.
- Baclofen can help manage GHB withdrawal. It targets GABA-B receptors and last longer in the body than GHB. A 2020 case report suggests it is a helpful alternative to benzodiazepines or GHB tapering.
- Anticonvulsants calm hyperactivity in the brain and help prevent seizures.
- Antihypertensive medications lower blood pressure and reduce heart attack risks.
- Antidepressants help restore serotonin levels to address anxiety and respiratory depression.
Inpatient GHB Rehab
Inpatient rehabilitation provides a safe environment where individuals can concentrate on recovery. Under the supervision of healthcare professionals, patients participate in treatments to manage acute withdrawal symptoms and minimise risks. Inpatient management fosters sobriety to break the cycle of GHB addiction. Patients receive individualised care, which includes holistic treatments that promote overall well-being.
Being part of a supportive community of peers facing similar challenges creates a positive atmosphere conducive to healing. Continuous professional guidance from trained staff also reduces the likelihood of relapse and equips patients with essential coping strategies. An inpatient setting provides a secure space free from triggers and daily stressors that could impede progress. On average, inpatient treatment lasts 30 to 60 days, although some individuals may benefit from longer stays.
Outpatient Rehab
This type of rehabilitation is a flexible and compassionate strategy for GHB addiction treatment, especially for those who cannot commit to inpatient care. Patients can maintain their work or school schedules while receiving the support needed. This is suitable for those with mild to moderate withdrawal symptoms.
Outpatient programmes vary in intensity. Patients can choose from options like intensive outpatient and partial hospitalisation programmes. These normally involve 2 to 4 hours of treatment per day for several days a week. This helps balance recovery and daily responsibilities. Sessions are usually scheduled in the mornings or evenings so patients can easily incorporate them into their routines.
Patients can expect a range of supportive services to adapt to life without substance misuse. These include:
- Drug abuse education
- Relapse prevention strategies
- Group and individual counseling
- Recovery-focused lectures
- Free weekly group therapy
Outpatients may also have access to health services to manage withdrawal symptoms. This ensures they have the necessary care to recover safely. Aftercare support enhances the shift to a drug-free life. This lets individuals stay connected to resources and the community as they recover. With the right support, this can be a powerful stepping stone to a healthier and more fulfilling life.
Choose the Right Path Leading to Recovery
Overcoming GHB addiction may feel daunting. However, there are effective treatment options available. Medical supervision, education, and community support can help reduce relapse risks. With the right approach and ongoing care, lasting recovery is achievable.
If you or a loved one is struggling with GHB addiction, help is here. Help for Addiction provides the support and resources needed to reclaim your life. Reach out today and take the first step toward healing.
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